x/consensus 模块允许治理在不进行软件升级的情况下，直接在运行中的链上更新 CometBFT 的 ABCI 共识参数。

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共识参数

该模块管理以下 CometBFT 共识参数：

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区块参数

参数说明
MaxBytes以字节为单位的最大区块大小
MaxGas每个区块允许的最大 gas（-1 表示无限制）

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证据参数

参数说明
MaxAgeNumBlocks证据允许存在的最大区块年龄
MaxAgeDuration以时长表示的证据最大有效期
MaxBytes每个区块中证据总大小的最大字节数

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验证者参数

参数说明
PubKeyTypes验证者支持的公钥类型（例如 ed25519、secp256k1、bls12381）

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ABCI 参数

参数说明
VoteExtensionsEnableHeight启用 vote extensions 的区块高度（0 表示禁用）

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消息

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MsgUpdateParams

通过治理更新共识参数。必须同时提供 block、evidence 和 validator。abci 为可选项。 
msg := &types.MsgUpdateParams{
    Authority: authtypes.NewModuleAddress(govtypes.ModuleName).String(),
    Block: &cmtproto.BlockParams{
        MaxBytes: 200000,
        MaxGas:   100000000,
    },
    Evidence: &cmtproto.EvidenceParams{
        MaxAgeNumBlocks: 302400,
        MaxAgeDuration:  504 * time.Hour,
        MaxBytes:        10000,
    },
    Validator: &cmtproto.ValidatorParams{
        PubKeyTypes: []string{"ed25519"},
    },
    Abci: &cmtproto.ABCIParams{
        VoteExtensionsEnableHeight: 0,
    },
}

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AuthorityParams

可以通过 x/consensus 模块结合 AuthorityParams 对权限进行集中化管理。ConsensusParams 中的 AuthorityParams 字段会在链上存储权限地址。设置后，它的优先级高于各 keeper 单独配置的 authority 参数。 Keeper 构造函数仍然接收 authority 参数。当共识参数中未配置 authority 时，会将其作为回退值使用。

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工作方式

当模块校验 authority 时（例如在 UpdateParams 中），会先检查共识参数。如果其中未设置 authority，则回退到 keeper 的 authority 字段： 
authority := sdkCtx.Authority() // from consensus params
if authority == "" {
    authority = k.authority       // fallback to keeper field
}
if authority != msg.Authority {
    return nil, errors.Wrapf(...)
}
如果要启用集中式 authority，可以通过面向 x/consensus 模块 MsgUpdateParams 的治理提案，在共识参数中设置 AuthorityParams。

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命令行

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查询

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params

查询当前共识参数： 
simd query consensus params
示例输出： 
params:
  abci:
    vote_extensions_enable_height: "0"
  block:
    max_bytes: "200000"
    max_gas: "-1"
  evidence:
    max_age_duration: 1814400s
    max_age_num_blocks: "302400"
    max_bytes: "10000"
  validator:
    pub_key_types:
    - ed25519

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交易

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update-params-proposal

提交用于更新共识参数的治理提案： 
simd tx consensus update-params-proposal [block] [evidence] [validator] [abci] [flags]
示例： 
simd tx consensus update-params-proposal \
  '{"max_bytes":"200000","max_gas":"100000000"}' \
  '{"max_age_num_blocks":"302400","max_age_duration":"1814400s","max_bytes":"10000"}' \
  '{"pub_key_types":["ed25519"]}' \
  '{"vote_extensions_enable_height":"0"}' \
  --from mykey

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gRPC

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Params

查询当前共识参数： 
grpcurl -plaintext localhost:9090 cosmos.consensus.v1.Query/Params
示例输出： 
{
  "params": {
    "block": {
      "maxBytes": "200000",
      "maxGas": "-1"
    },
    "evidence": {
      "maxAgeNumBlocks": "302400",
      "maxAgeDuration": "1814400s",
      "maxBytes": "10000"
    },
    "validator": {
      "pubKeyTypes": ["ed25519"]
    },
    "abci": {
      "voteExtensionsEnableHeight": "0"
    }
  }
}

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REST

GET /cosmos/consensus/v1/params
The x/consensus module allows governance to update CometBFT’s ABCI consensus parameters on a live chain without a software upgrade.

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Consensus Parameters

The module manages the following CometBFT consensus parameters:

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Block Parameters

ParameterDescription
MaxBytesMaximum block size in bytes
MaxGasMaximum gas per block (-1 for unlimited)

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Evidence Parameters

ParameterDescription
MaxAgeNumBlocksMaximum age of evidence in blocks
MaxAgeDurationMaximum age of evidence as a duration
MaxBytesMaximum total evidence size per block in bytes

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Validator Parameters

ParameterDescription
PubKeyTypesSupported public key types for validators (e.g., ed25519, secp256k1, bls12381)

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ABCI Parameters

ParameterDescription
VoteExtensionsEnableHeightBlock height at which vote extensions are enabled (0 to disable)

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Messages

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MsgUpdateParams

Updates consensus parameters via governance. All of block, evidence, and validator must be provided. abci is optional. 
msg := &types.MsgUpdateParams{
    Authority: authtypes.NewModuleAddress(govtypes.ModuleName).String(),
    Block: &cmtproto.BlockParams{
        MaxBytes: 200000,
        MaxGas:   100000000,
    },
    Evidence: &cmtproto.EvidenceParams{
        MaxAgeNumBlocks: 302400,
        MaxAgeDuration:  504 * time.Hour,
        MaxBytes:        10000,
    },
    Validator: &cmtproto.ValidatorParams{
        PubKeyTypes: []string{"ed25519"},
    },
    Abci: &cmtproto.ABCIParams{
        VoteExtensionsEnableHeight: 0,
    },
}

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AuthorityParams

Authority management can be centralized via the x/consensus module using AuthorityParams. The AuthorityParams field in ConsensusParams stores the authority address on-chain. When set, it takes precedence over the per-keeper authority parameter. Keeper constructors still accept the authority parameter. It is used as a fallback when no authority is configured in consensus params.

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How It Works

When a module validates authority (e.g., in UpdateParams), it checks consensus params first. If no authority is set there, it falls back to the keeper’s authority field: 
authority := sdkCtx.Authority() // from consensus params
if authority == "" {
    authority = k.authority       // fallback to keeper field
}
if authority != msg.Authority {
    return nil, errors.Wrapf(...)
}
To enable centralized authority, set the AuthorityParams in consensus params via a governance proposal targeting the x/consensus module’s MsgUpdateParams.

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CLI

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Query

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params

Query the current consensus parameters: 
simd query consensus params
Example Output: 
params:
  abci:
    vote_extensions_enable_height: "0"
  block:
    max_bytes: "200000"
    max_gas: "-1"
  evidence:
    max_age_duration: 1814400s
    max_age_num_blocks: "302400"
    max_bytes: "10000"
  validator:
    pub_key_types:
    - ed25519

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Transactions

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update-params-proposal

Submit a governance proposal to update consensus parameters: 
simd tx consensus update-params-proposal [block] [evidence] [validator] [abci] [flags]
Example: 
simd tx consensus update-params-proposal \
  '{"max_bytes":"200000","max_gas":"100000000"}' \
  '{"max_age_num_blocks":"302400","max_age_duration":"1814400s","max_bytes":"10000"}' \
  '{"pub_key_types":["ed25519"]}' \
  '{"vote_extensions_enable_height":"0"}' \
  --from mykey

​
gRPC

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Params

Query the current consensus parameters: 
grpcurl -plaintext localhost:9090 cosmos.consensus.v1.Query/Params
Example Output: 
{
  "params": {
    "block": {
      "maxBytes": "200000",
      "maxGas": "-1"
    },
    "evidence": {
      "maxAgeNumBlocks": "302400",
      "maxAgeDuration": "1814400s",
      "maxBytes": "10000"
    },
    "validator": {
      "pubKeyTypes": ["ed25519"]
    },
    "abci": {
      "voteExtensionsEnableHeight": "0"
    }
  }
}

​
REST

GET /cosmos/consensus/v1/params