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治理参数

治理中涉及的若干数值属于参数，因此可以通过提交参数变更提案来修改。
  • 最低押金：250 ATOM
  • 最长押金期：14 天
  • 投票期：14 天
  • 法定人数门槛：参与投票权的 40%
  • 通过门槛：参与投票权的 50%
  • 否决门槛：参与投票权的 33.40%

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1. 押金期

押金期持续 14 天，或在提案押金总额达到 250 ATOM 时结束，以先发生者为准。

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押金

在治理提案进入投票期之前（也就是提案能够被投票之前），必须先存入至少最低数量的 ATOM（250）。任何人都可以为这笔押金出资，不过通常由提案发起人补足。通过和未通过提案的押金都会退还给出资者。 过去，不同的人对出资金额有不同看法。对此有一定共识，认为这应当是个人选择。也有一定共识认为，这也可以成为支持者通过追加押金金额来表达支持的一种机会，因此提案人可以选择保留他人参与空间（也就是押金低于 250 ATOM），让其他人也能参与。需要牢记的是，任何已贡献的 ATOM 都有被销毁的风险。

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被销毁的押金

只有当提案被否决时，押金才会被销毁，具体如 Cosmos SDK gov module spec 所述。若提案未达到法定人数门槛或被拒绝，押金不会被销毁。

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2. 投票期

当前投票期固定为 14 天。在投票期内，参与者可以选择投 'Yes'、'No'、'Abstain' 或 'NoWithVeto'。在投票期结束前，投票人可随时修改自己的投票。

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投票选项分别代表什么？

  1. Abstain： 投票人希望贡献法定人数门槛，但不对提案表示支持或反对。
  2. Yes： 批准提案当前形式。
  3. No： 不批准提案当前形式。
  4. NoWithVeto： 'NoWithVeto' 投票表示该提案 (1) 被认为是垃圾信息，即与 Cosmos Hub 无关，(2) 对少数群体利益造成不成比例的侵害，或 (3) 违反或鼓励违反当前由 Cosmos Hub 治理所确立的互动规则。
根据社区在 Proposal 75 中接受的内容，若提案属于垃圾信息、侵害少数群体利益，或违反互动规则（即已经通过治理并因此被 Hub 接受为规则的社会协议），投票人应当投 'NoWithVeto'。该提案是对 Proposal 6 所提出思想的延伸。 投 'NoWithVeto' 不会给投票人立即带来额外财务成本；使用这个选项不会直接让你的 ATOM 承担风险。

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治理提案是否通过由什么决定？

共有四项标准：
  1. 押金补足：提案进入投票期前，必须满足 250 ATOM 的最低押金要求
    • 任何人都可以为这笔押金出资
    • 必须在 14 天内达到押金要求（这就是押金期）
  2. 达到法定人数门槛：至少需要网络总投票权（质押的 ATOM）的 40% 参与
  3. 'Yes' 票简单多数：在 14 天投票期结束时，参与投票权中超过 50% 必须支持 'Yes'
  4. 未被否决：在 14 天投票期结束时，支持 'NoWithVeto' 的参与投票权必须低于 33.4%
目前，所有提案类型的提交条件以及通过/失败标准都相同。

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法定人数门槛如何确定？

无论投的是 'Yes'、'Abstain'、'No' 还是 'NoWithVeto'，其投票权都会计入法定人数门槛。只有达到法定人数门槛，治理提案投票结果才会被视为有效，押金出资者也才能收回其押金额度。

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投票如何统计？

  • 总投票权 是指 14 天投票期结束时所有已质押的 ATOM。流动中的 ATOM 不属于总投票权，因此不能参与投票。
  • 参与投票权 是指仅用于对某个特定提案投票的 ATOM。法定人数门槛被设定为 参与 投票权的 40%。
不在活跃集合中的验证者也可以投票，但如果他们在投票期结束时不在活跃集合内，他们的投票权（包括其委托人所支持的投票权）将不会被计入结果。这意味着，如果 ATOM 被委托给在投票期结束时处于 jailed、tombstoned 或活跃集合之外状态的验证者，那么这部分 ATOM 的质押权重将不会计入投票。 尽管治理提案要通过需要 'Yes' 票达到简单多数（即参与投票权的 50%），但如果支持 'NoWithVeto' 的参与投票权达到或超过 33.4%，就可以覆盖这一结果并使提案失败。这使得一个代表超过参与投票权 1/3 的少数群体能够否决原本会通过的提案。

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Governance Parameters

Several of the numbers involved in governance are parameters and can thus be changed by passing a parameter change proposal.
  • Minimum deposit: 250 ATOM
  • Maximum deposit period: 14 days
  • Voting period: 14 days
  • Quorum: 40% of participating voting power
  • Pass threshold: 50% of participating voting power
  • Veto threshold: 33.40% of participating voting power

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1. Deposit Period

The deposit period lasts either 14 days or until the proposal deposit totals 250 ATOMs, whichever happens first.

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Deposits

Prior to a governance proposal entering the voting period (i.e., for the proposal to be voted upon), there must be at least a minimum number of ATOMs deposited (250). Anyone may contribute to this deposit, though it is usually filled by the proposal maker. Deposits of passed and failed proposals are returned to the contributors. In the past, different people have considered contribution amounts differently. There is some consensus that this should be a personal choice. There is also some consensus that this can be an opportunity for supporters to signal their support by adding to the deposit amount, so a proposer may choose to leave contribution room (i.e., a deposit below 250 ATOMs) so that others may participate. It is important to remember that any contributed ATOMs are at risk of being burned.

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Burned deposits

Deposits are burned only when proposals are vetoed as documented in the Cosmos SDK gov module spec. Deposits are not burned for failing to meet quorum or for being rejected.

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2. Voting Period

The voting period is currently a fixed 14-day period. During the voting period, participants may select a vote of either ‘Yes’, ‘No’, ‘Abstain’, or ‘NoWithVeto’. Voters may change their vote at any time before the voting period ends.

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What do the voting options mean?

  1. Abstain: The voter wishes to contribute to quorum without voting for or against a proposal.
  2. Yes: Approval of the proposal in its current form.
  3. No: Disapproval of the proposal in its current form.
  4. NoWithVeto: A ‘NoWithVeto’ vote indicates a proposal either (1) is deemed to be spam, i.e., irrelevant to Cosmos Hub, (2) disproportionately infringes on minority interests, or (3) violates or encourages violation of the rules of engagement as currently set out by Cosmos Hub governance.
As accepted by the community in Proposal 75, voters are expected to vote ‘NoWithVeto’ for proposals that are spam, infringe on minority interests, or violate the rules of engagement (i.e., Social protocols which have passed governance and thus been accepted as rules on the Hub). This proposal was an extension of the ideas put forward in Proposal 6. Voting ‘NoWithVeto’ has no immediate additional financial cost to the voter - you do not directly risk your ATOM by using this option.

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What determines whether or not a governance proposal passes?

There are four criteria:
  1. Deposit is filled: A minimum deposit of 250 ATOM is required for the proposal to enter the voting period
    • anyone may contribute to this deposit
    • the deposit must be reached within 14 days (this is the deposit period)
  2. Quorum is reached: A minimum of 40% of the network’s total voting power (staked ATOM) is required to participate
  3. Simple majority of ‘Yes’ votes: Greater than 50% of the participating voting power must back the ‘Yes’ vote by the end of the 14-day voting period
  4. Not vetoed: Less than 33.4% of participating voting power must have backed ‘NoWithVeto’ by the end of the 14-day voting period
Currently, the criteria for submitting and passing/failing all proposal types is the same.

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How is quorum determined?

Voting power, whether backing a vote of ‘Yes’, ‘Abstain’, ‘No’, or ‘NoWithVeto’, counts toward quorum. Quorum is required for the outcome of a governance proposal vote to be considered valid and for deposit contributors to recover their deposit amounts.

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How is voting tallied?

  • Total voting power refers to all staked ATOM at the end of the 14-day voting period. Liquid ATOMs are not part of the total voting power and thus cannot participate in voting.
  • Participating voting power refers to only the ATOM which have been used to cast a vote on a particular proposal. Quorum is set to 40% of the participating voting power.
Validators not in the active set can cast a vote, but their voting power (including the backing of their delegators) will not count toward the vote if they are not in the active set when the voting period ends. That means that if ATOM is delegated to a validator that is jailed, tombstoned, or outside of the active set at the time that the voting period ends, that ATOM’s stake-weight will not count in the vote. Though a simple majority ‘Yes’ vote (ie. 50% of participating voting power) is required for a governance proposal vote to pass, a ‘NoWithVeto’ vote of 33.4% of participating voting power or greater can override this outcome and cause the proposal to fail. This enables a minority group representing greater than 1/3 of participating voting power to fail a proposal that would otherwise pass.